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1Research
Attackers scan public info (LinkedIn roles, email formats, suppliers, recent announcements) to craft convincing messages.
Defend through reducing oversharing; train staff to spot social engineering clues.
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2First contact
Attackers send phishing emails or messages using spoofed identities, urgency, or malicious links and attachments.
Defend through enabling anti-phishing tools and teaching employees to check sender details and URLs.
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3Secondary contact
Attackers reinforce the scam through phone calls to appear legitimate.
Defend through verifying unexpected requests using known, trusted contact details, not the ones provided.
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4Redirect
Attackers push victims to fake login pages, bogus payment portals or remote-access tools, or request MFA codes and passwords.
Defend through using MFA, URL filtering and conditional access controls.
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5Extract/deploy
Attackers steal credentials, bypass MFA, install malware, or trigger fraudulent transactions.
Defend through monitoring for unusual logins and risky sign-in patterns.
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6Internal spread
Attackers access internal files, escalate privileges, or send internal phishing from compromised accounts.
Defend through applying least privilege, using anomaly detection and keeping strong incident response processes.
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7Final objective
Attackers commit fraud, steal data, deploy ransomware, or exploit business email compromise.
Defend through multi-layered security and ongoing staff awareness.